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Naturalizing Self-Consciousness | ||
| مجله پژوهش های فلسفی | ||
| مقاله 7، دوره 12، شماره 24، مهر 1397، صفحه 145-170 اصل مقاله (569.76 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی- پژوهشی | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| رابرتو هوراسیو دِ سَ پِرِیرا | ||
| استاد فلسفه، دانشگاه فدرال زیو دو ژانیرو برزیل | ||
| چکیده | ||
| The crucial problem of self-consciousness is how to account for knowing self-reference without launching into a regress or without presupposing self-consciousness rather than accounting for it (circle). In the literature we find two bottom-up proposals for solving the traditional problem: the postulation of nonconceptual forms of self-consciousness and the postulation of a pre-reflexive form of self-consciousness. However, none of them seems satisfactory for several reasons. In contrast, I believe that the only way of solving this traditional puzzle is to assume another bottom-up approach, namely the one that accepts Baker’s challenge to naturalism and provides a naturalist framework for self-consciousness; in Baker’s terms, to account for self-consciousness in non-intentional, non-semantic, and non-mental terms. That is the aim of this paper. My thesis rests on two claims. The first is the metaphysical claim that every creature enjoys a fundamental relation to itself, namely identity. The second is Dretske’s epistemological claim that representations do not require a Self, traditionally understood as the principle that spontaneously organizes mental activity and lies behind all intentional acts. Briefly, I argue for a naturalization of self-consciousness that postulates non-linguistic, naturalized, and selfless form of representation of the cognitive system based on the metaphysical, fundamental relation everyone has to himself, namely identity. Self-consciousness emerges when brain states are selflessly recruited through learning to represent the cognitive system itself as a subject. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| Self-consciousness؛ nonconceptual self-consciousness؛ pre-reflexive self-consciousness؛ naturalization of self-consciousness | ||
| مراجع | ||
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