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تاثیر قارچ اندومایکوریز Piriformospora indica و اسید سالیسیلیک بر میزان فعالیت آنزیم های آنتی اکسیدان در گندم حساس به بیماری سفیدک سطحی | ||
| پژوهش های کاربردی در گیاهپزشکی | ||
| مقاله 3، دوره 7، شماره 2، تابستان 1397، صفحه 25-36 اصل مقاله (698 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
لیلا آهنگر  1؛ غلامعلی رنجبر2؛ ولی الله بابایی زاد2؛ حمید نجفی3؛ عباس بیابانی4
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| 1استادیار گروه گیاهپزشکی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه گنبد کاووس | ||
| 2دانشیار گروه گیاهپزشکی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری. | ||
| 3استادیار گروه گیاهپزشکی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری. | ||
| 4دانشیار گروه گیاهپزشکی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه گنبد کاووس. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| چکیده استفاده از ترکیبات قارچکش علیه بیماری سفیدک سطحی در گندم که توسط Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici ، ایجاد میگردد، چندان مورد توجه قرار نمیگیرد. لذا کاربرد روشهای دیگری مانند به کارگیری فعال کنندههای مصنوعی مکانیسم دفاعی که میتوانند مقاومت را به صورت سیستمیک در گیاهان القا نمایند، مطلوب به نظر میرسد. بهدین منظور گیاهان گندم رقم فلات به عنوان رقم حساس به سفیدک، پس از همزیستی با قارچ اندومیکوریز Piriformospora indica به همراه گیاهان شاهد در معرض عامل بیماری قرار گرفت. از سویی دیگر، گیاهان دو هفته ای گندم فلات در آزمایش جداگانهای، 48 ساعت پس از تیمار با اسید سالسیلیک با قارچ عامل بیماری تلقیح گردید. میزان فعالیت آنزیمهای پراکسیداز، کاتالاز و آسکوربات پراکسیداز در چهار بازه زمانی صفر، 12، 24 و 48 ساعت پس از آلودگی در سه تکرار مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که گیاهان تیمار شده با اسید سالسیلیک هم قبل از آلودگی و هم بعد از آلودگی به قارچ عامل بیماری، فعالیت آنزیمی کمتری را نسبت به گیاهان شاهد نشان دادند (به استثنای آنزیم پراکسیداز که فعالیت آن هم قبل و هم بعد از آلودگی گیاه افزایش یافت). گیاهان همزیست شده با قارچ اندومایکوریز نیز به جز بیان بالای آنزیم پراکسیداز، تفاوت معنیداری را از نظر فعالیت سایر آنزیمها با گیاه شاهد نشان ندادند، بنابراین میتوان چنین استنباط نمود که قارچ همزیست در القای مقاومت از طریق مسیر آنزیمی چندان موثر نمیباشد. احتمالا این قارچ همزیست می تواند از طریق فعال نمودن مسیرهای دیگری مثل فعالسازی پروتئینهای مرتبط به بیماریزایی نقش ایفا نماید. اسید سالسیلیک بوسیله کاهش میزان فعالیت آنزیمهای آنتی اکسیدان و القای مرگ سلولی به مبارزه با این بیمارگر بیوتروف میپردازد، لذا کاربرد اسید سالسیلیک علیه بیماری سفیدک سطحی توصیه میگردد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| واژه های کلیدی : آنزیمهای آنتی اکسیدان؛ Piriformospora indica؛ اسید سالسیلیک؛ القای مقاومت | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The Effect of Piriformospora indica and Salicylic Acid on the Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes in the Wheat Sensitive to Powdery Mildew Fungus | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| lila ahangar1؛ gholamali ranjbar2؛ valiallah babaeizad2؛ hamid najafi3؛ abbas biyabani4 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Gonbad kavous | ||
| 2Associate Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources. | ||
| 3Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources. | ||
| 4Associated Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Gonbad kavous. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Abstract Use of fungicides against wheat powdery mildew disease caused by biotrophic Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt)), is not taken into consideration. Therefore, employment of artificial activator of defense mechanism that can induce resistance in plants, is very important. For this purpose, Falat cultivar as a susceptible genotype to powdery mildew, was inoculated with B. graminis after colonizing with endomycorrhizal fungus, Piriformospora indica, together with control plants. In another experiment, two weeks old Falat plants were treated with salicylic acid after 48h and then, were inoculated with the pathogen. Then, the pattern of catalase, peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase antioxidant enzymes were compared at 0, 12, 24 and 48 hours after infection in three replications. The results of this study showed that the enzyme activity of the Falat treated with SA were less than the control plant before and after the disease (except peroxidase enzyme, which increased before and after infection). In symbiont plants, there was no significant difference in the amount of enzyme activities than control plants, except overexpression of peroxidase enzyme. Therefore, it seems that the symbiotic fungi is hot effect for inducing resistance via enzymatic pathway. Probably these fungi can play an important role through the activation of other pathways such as activation of pathogens related proteins. While, SA can suppress the biotrophic pathogen by reducing the capacity of the antioxidant enzymes and inducting the rapid cell death. Therefore, the application of SA against powdery mildew is recommended. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Keywords: Antioxidant enzymes, Piriformospora indica, Salicilic Acid, Resistance induction | ||
| مراجع | ||
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