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بررسی کارایی تثبیت نیتروژن برخی جدایه‌های ازتوباکتر در مایه‌زنی ذرت | ||
| دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 27، شماره 4، زمستان 1396، صفحه 51-63 اصل مقاله (702 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
مهدیه لیلاسی مرند1؛ محمدرضا ساریخانی  2
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| 11- دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد بیولوژی و بیوتکنولوژی خاک، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز | ||
| 22- دانشیار بیولوژی و بیوتکنولوژی خاک، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز | ||
| چکیده | ||
| توانایی تثبیت نیتروژن در حالت آزادزی ویژگی گروه خاصی از باکتریهای دی‌آزوتروف میباشد که ازتوباکترها از جنسهای شناخته شده آنهاست. ارزیابی کارایی تثبیت نیتروژن به روشهای مختلف از جمله روش اختلاف و کشت در حضور گیاه قابل انجام است. بر این اساس آزمایشی در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در سه تکرار در شرایط گلخانهای انجام گرفت و توانایی تثبیت نیتروژن 18 جدایه باکتری از جمله، ازتوباکتر بررسی شد. زادمایه‌های میکروبی با استفاده از حامل باگاس و پرلیت در بذور ضدعفونیشده ذرت رقم سینکل کراس 704 تلقیح شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل کنترل‌های منفی (بدون افزودن حامل و حامل فاقد باکتری)، کنترل‌های مثبت (کاربرد کود اوره به میزان 50% و 100% توصیه کودی) و گلدانهای تلقیح شده با جدایهها بود. نتایج نشان داد به جز وزن تر و غلظت نیتروژن ریشه، تمام پارامترهای اندازه‌گیری شده در سطح احتمال 1% متاثر از تیمارهای آزمایش بوده است. بالاترین میانگین وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی، وزن خشک ریشه، وزن تر و خشک کل، ارتفاع گیاه، قطر ساقه و شاخص کلروفیل در تیمارهای کودی 100% و 50% حاصل شد و در بین تیمارهای باکتریایی 14SP-Ι، 16SP-2 (ازتوباکترکروکوکوم) و 34SP-Ш (سودوموناس) مؤثر واقع شدند. بیشترین مقدار کل نتیروژن و فاکتور انتقال آن به ترتیب با افزایش 32% و 148% نسبت به شاهد منفی در جدایه 16SP-2 مشاهده شد. بیشترین کارایی تثبیت نیتروژن نیز بر اساس اختلاف مقدار نیتروژن در جدایه 16SP-2 برابر با 47/39% بهدست آمد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| ازتوباکترکروکوکوم؛ باکتریهای آزادزی؛ تثبیت بیولوژیک نیتروژن؛ ذرت؛ سودوموناس | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Investigation of Nitrogen Fixation Efficiency of Some Azotobacter Isolates by Maize Inoculation | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| m Leylasi Marand1؛ m Sarikhani2 | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Nitrogen fixation ability in free-living condition is one of the properties of diazotrophic bacteria that Azotobacter is one of the famous genera of diazotrophs. Evaluation of nitrogen fixation efficiency can be measured by different methods, such as difference method and plant inoculation. Thus, N2 fixation ability of 18 bacterial isolates such as Azotobacter was measured using completely randomized design with three replications. Bacterial liquid culture was added to bagasse- perlite as a carrier and disinfected seeds were inoculated with prepared inoculants. Treatments were included, negative controls (including carrier without bacteria and without carrier), positive controls (using urea equal to 50% and 100% of fertilizer recommendation) and pots inoculated with bacterial inoculants. Results showed that expect wet weight and nitrogen concentration of root, all measured parameters were significantly influenced by treatments. Other measured parameters such as shoot wet and dry weight, root dry weight, total wet and dry weight, height, diameter and chlorophyll index, were significantly influenced by 50% and 100% fertilizer treatment and highest mean was recorded in these treatments, while among bacterial treatments A. chroococcum 14SP-Ι, A. chroococcum 16SP-2 and Pseudomonas sp. 34SP-Ш were effective. The highest total nitrogen content and nitrogen translocation factor were observed in plants which inoculated by A. chroococcum 16SP-2 that caused an increasing of 32% and 148% compared to negative control (without carrier and bacteria). Also, the highest nitrogen fixation efficiency was measured in 16SP-2 isolate equal to 39.47% by difference method. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Azotobacter chroococcum, Biological Nitrogen fixation, Free-living bacteria, Maize, Pseudomonas | ||
| مراجع | ||
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