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گیاه‌پالایی کادمیم به‌وسیله ذرت تحت تأثیر کاربرد بقایای آلی (گندم و یونجه) در یک خاک آهکی | ||
| دانش آب و خاک | ||
| مقاله 9، دوره 27، شماره 3، پاییز 1396، صفحه 107-119 اصل مقاله (844 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
شهرزاد کرمی  1؛ عبدالمجید رونقی2
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| 1دانشجوی دکتری، بخش علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شیراز | ||
| 2استاد بخش علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شیراز | ||
| چکیده | ||
| گیاه‌پالایی یکی از روش‌های پالایش فلزات سنگین خاک از جمله کادمیم می‌باشد که نسبت به سایر روش‌های موجود ارزان‌تر است. از آنجا که این روش زمان بر بوده و دارای کارایی پایینی است، روش‌هایی برای افزایش کارایی گیاه‌پالایی پیشنهاد شده است. یکی از این روش‌ها، افزودن بقایای آلی به خاک‌ها می‌باشد. آزمایشی گلخانه‌ای به‌منظور بررسی اثر کاربرد بقایای گندم و یونجه بر گیاه‌پالایی ذرت در یک خاک آهکی آلوده شده به کادمیم انجام شد. آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل 3×3×2 در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی انجام شد. فاکتورها شامل دو نوع بقایای آلی (گندم و یونجه)، در سه سطح (صفر، 1، و 2 درصد وزنی) و سه سطح کادمیم (5، 15، و 25 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم خاک) و در سه تکرار بود. نتایج نشان داد که افزایش سطوح کادمیم کاربردی، سبب افزایش غلظت کادمیم در خاک و در اندام هوایی ذرت شد، اما وزن خشک و فاکتور انباشت زیستی کادمیم را کاهش داد. افزایش سطوح بقایای گندم و یونجه، سبب افزایش غلظت کادمیم اندام هوایی ذرت و فاکتور انباشت زیستی کادمیم شد. غلظت کادمیم اندام هوایی ذرت و فاکتور انباشت زیستی کادمیم در تیمار بقایای گندم نسبت به تیمار بقایای یونجه بیشتر بود. هرچند میانگین وزن خشک ذرت در خاک تیمار شده با بقایای یونجه به‌طور معنی‌داری نسبت به بقایای گندم بیشتر بود. اثر کاربرد بقایای گندم یا یونجه بر میزان جذب کادمیم به‌وسیله ذرت مشابه بود. کارایی گیاه‌پالایی ذرت در سطوح پایینی کادمیم بیشتر از سطوح بالایی بود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آلودگی کادمیم؛ بقایای گندم؛ بقایای یونجه؛ فاکتور انباشت زیستی (BAF)؛ گیاه‌پالایی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Cadmium Phytoremediation by Corn as Affected by Organic Residues (Wheat and Alfalfa) application in a Calcareous Soil | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| S Karami1؛ AM Ronaghi2 | ||
| 1Ph.D. Student, Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Iran | ||
| 2Professor, Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Phytoremediation is a technique for removal of heavy metals including cadmium (Cd) from soils; which is less expensive compared to other methods. Due to the fact that this method is time consuming with low efficiency, hence, other methods are proposed to increase the efficiency of phytoremediation. One method is the application of organic residues to the soils. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to study the effects of the application of wheat or alfalfa residues on phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated calcareous soil by corn. The experiment was a factorial 2×3×3 arranged in a completely randomized design. Treatments consisted of the two types of the organic residues (wheat and alfalfa) in three levels (0, 1, and 2% by weight) and three levels of Cd application (5, 15, and 25 mg kg-1) with three replications. Results indicated that increasing the Cd levels, significantly increased the Cd concentration in soil and in the corn shoots, but decreased the dry weight of the corn and bio-accumulation factor (BAF) of Cd. Increasing the levels of wheat and alfalfa residues significantly increased the Cd concentration in the corn shoots and BAF. Addition of the wheat residues resulted in a higher Cd concentration in the corn aerial parts and BAF compared to those with addition of the alfalfa. However, the corn mean shoot dry weight was significantly higher in the soil amended with the alfalfa residues compared to those amended with the wheat residues. Influences of the wheat or alfalfa residues addition on the Cd uptake by corn were similar. Phytoremediation efficiency of the corn at low Cd levels was higher than that at high rates of the applied Cd. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Alfalfa residues, Bio-accumulation factor (BAF), Cd-contamination, Phytoremediation, Wheat residues | ||
| مراجع | ||
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