آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 45 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 1,562 |
| تعداد مقالات | 19,092 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 65,613,300 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 23,989,942 |
Biochemical and Physiological Responses of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Cultivars to Osmotic Stress | ||
| Journal of Plant Physiology and Breeding | ||
| مقاله 8، دوره 7، شماره 1، شهریور 2017، صفحه 87-97 اصل مقاله (475.37 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Research Paper | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Babak Babakhani* 1؛ Seyed Afshin Hosseini Boldaji2؛ Reza H. Sajedi3 | ||
| 1Department of Biology, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Yadegar-e- Imam Khomeini (RAH) Shahre Rey Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده | ||
| In order to investigate the effects of water stress on total phenolics content, antioxidant power, β-glucosidase activity and stomatal properties of alfalfa, a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design was carried out in 1-Lit pots containing half strength Hoagland culture medium using two cultivars of alfalfa at four osmotic pressures including 0 (control), -0.5, -1.0 and -1.5 MPa. Polyphenol oxidase activity and total phenolics were increased in both cultivars in response to osmotic stress. Although the increases in total phenolics were higher in Yazdi cultivar than Gharayonjeh but the polyphenol oxidase activity had an inverse trend, thus resulting in higher levels of phenolic compounds in Yazdi cultivar than Gharayonjeh. The β-glucosidase activity as a marker of ABA level in plant cells increased in both cultivars. Furthermore, stomatal conductance and transpiration rates decreased in response to drought stress. This means that both cultivars closed their stomata under osmotic pressure in order to reduce the transpiration, however, Yazdi cultivar was more efficient in this respect. According to our results, it can be concluded that Yazdi can be considered as a more tolerant cultivar than Gharayonjeh because of its ability to increase free ABA levels in leaves, reduce transpiration rate and accumulate antioxidant compounds. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| Alfalfa؛ Beta-glucosidase؛ Osmotic stress؛ Phenolic Compounds | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Blokhina O, Virolainen E and Fagerstedt KV, 2002. Antioxidants, oxidative damage and oxygen deprivation stress: a review. Annals of Botany 91: 179-94.
Brand-Williams W, Cuvelier M and Berset C, 1995. Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft und-Technologie 28: 25-30.
Burchard P, Bilger W and Weissenbock G, 2000. Contribution of hydroxycinnamates and flavonoids to epidermal shielding of UV-A and UV-B radiation in developing rye primary leaves as assessed by ultraviolet-induced chlorophyll fluorescence measurements. Plant, Cell and Environment 23: 1373-80.
Cheng CL and Li JQ, 2006. Research advance in ecological significance and quantification of plant polyphenols. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology 17 (12): 2457–2460.
Chiwocha SD, Cutler AJ, Abrams SR, Ambrose SJ, Yang J, Ross AR and Kermode AR, 2005. The etr1-2 mutation in Arabidopsis thaliana affects the abscisic acid, auxin, cytokinin and gibberellins metabolic pathways during maintenance of seed dormancy, moist-chilling and germination. Plant Journal42: 35–48.
Cutler AJ and Krochko JE, 1999. Formation and breakdown of ABA. Trends in Plant Sciences4: 472–478.
Gao WR, Sh X, Wang QY, Liu H, Peng Ch, Chen JG, Li, Zhang JS, Hu SN and Ma H, 2008. Comparative analysis of ESTs in response to drought stress in chickpea (C. arietinum L.). Biochemical and Biophysical Research Comunications376: 578–583.
Garcia C, Hernandez T, Costa F, Ceccanti B and Gianni A, 1993. Hydrolases in the organic matter fractions of sewage sludge: changes with composting. Bioresource Technology45: 47–52.
Grace S, 2005. Phenolics as antioxidants. In: Smirnoff N (Ed). Antioxidants and Reactive Oxygen Species in Plants. Blackwell Publishing Limited, Oxford, UK.
Grace SC and Logan BA, 2000. Energy dissipation and radical scavenging by the plant phenylpropanoid pathway. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society: B Biological Sciences 355: 1499–1510.
Gursoy N, Sarikurkcu C, Cengiz M and Solak MH, 2009. Antioxidant activities, metal contents, total phenolics and flavonoids of seven Morchella species. Food and Chemical Toxicology47: 2381–238.
Hanato T, Kagawa H, Yasuhara T and Okuda T, 1988. Two new flavonoids and other constituents in licorice root: their relative astringency and radical scavenging effects. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin36: 2090–2097.
Heschel MS and Riginos C, 2005. Mechanisms of selection for drought stress tolerance and avoidance in Impatiens capensis (Balsaminaceae). American Journal of Botany92 (1): 37- 44.
Hichem H, Mounir D and Naceur EA, 2009. Differential responses of two maize (Zea mays L.) varieties to salt stress: changes on polyphenols composition of foliage and oxidative damages. Industrial Crops and Products30: 144–151.
Hongbo S, Zongsuo L and Mingan S, 2005. Changes of anti-oxidative enzymes and MDA content under soil water deficits among 10 wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes at maturation stage. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces 45: 7-13.
Hosseini-Boldaji SA, Khavari-Nejad RA, Hassan-Sajedi R, Fahimi H and Saadatmand S, 2012. Water availability effects on antioxidant enzyme activities, lipid peroxidation and reducing sugar contents of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Acta Physiologiae Plantarum 34: 1177–1186.
Isendahl N and Schmidt G, 2006. Drought in the Mediterranean: WWF Policy Proposals. A WWF Report, Madrid.
Izanloo A, Condon AG, Langridge P, Tester M and Schnurbusch T, 2008. Different mechanisms of adaptation to cyclic water stress in two South Australian bread wheat cultivars. Journal of Experimental Botany59: 3327–3346.
Jouili H and El-Ferjani E, 2003. Changes in antioxidant and lignifying enzyme activities in sunflower roots (Helianthus annuus L.) stressed with copper excess. Comptes Rendus Biollogies326: 639–644.
Kim HJ, Chen F, Wang X and Choi JH, 2006. Effect of methyl jasmonate on phenolics, isothiocyanate, and metabolic enzymes in radish. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry54: 7263-7269.
Ksouri R, Megdiche W, Debez A, Falleh H, Grignon C and Abdelly C, 2007. Salinity effects on polyphenol content and antioxidant activities in leaves of the halophyte Cakile maritima. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 45: 244–249.
Kumar KB and Khan PA, 1982. Peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase in excised ragi (Eleusine coracana cv. PR 202) leaves during senescence. Indian Journal of Experimental Botany20: 412–416.
Kushiro T, Okamoto M, Nakabayashi K, Yamagishi K, Kitamura S, Asami T, Hirai N, Koshiba T, Kamiya Y and Nambara E, 2004. The Arabidopsis cytochrome P450 CYP707A encodes ABA 8΄-hydroxylases: key enzymes in ABA catabolism. The EMBO Journal23: 1647–1656.
Lee KH, Piao HL, Kim HY, Choi SM, Jiang F, Hartung W, Hwang I, Kwak JM, Lee IJ and Hwang I, 2006. Activation of glucosidase via stress-induced polymerization rapidly increases active pools of Abscisic acid. Cell 126: 1109–1120.
Liang Z, Zhang F, Shao M and Zhang J, 2002. The relation of stomatal conductance, water consumption, growth rate to leaf water potential during soil drying and rewatering cycle of wheat (Triticum aestivum). Botanical Bulletin of Academia Sinica43: 187-192.
Mahanil S, Attajarusit J, Stout MJ and Thipyapong P, 2008. Overexpression of tomato polyphenol oxidase increases resistance to common cutworm. Plant Science174: 456–466.
Meot-Duros L and Magne C, 2009. Antioxidant activity and phenol content of Crithmum maritimum L. leaves. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 47: 37–41.
Michel BE and Kaufmann MR, 1973. The osmotic potential of polyethylene glycol 6000. Plant Physiology 51: 914–916.
Nambara E and Marion-Poll A, 2005. Abscisic acid biosythesis and catabolism. Annual Review of Plant Biology 56: 165–185.
Oh M, Carey EE and Rajashekar CB, 2010. Regulated water deficits improve phytochemical concentration in lettuce. Journal of American Society for the Horticultural Science 135: 223–229.
Parida A, Das AB, Sanada Y and Mohanty P, 2004. Effects of salinity on biochemical components of the mangrove Aegiceras corniculatum. Aquatic Botany 80: 77–87.
Sanchez-Rodriguez E, Moreno DA, Ferreres F, Rubio-Wilhelmi MM and Ruiz JM, 2011. Differential responses of five cherry tomato varieties to water stress: Changes on phenolic metabolites and related enzymes. Phytochemistry, 72: 723-729.
Shao HB, Chu LY, Jaleel CA, Manlvannan P, Panneerselvam R and Shao MA, 2009. Understanding water deficit stress-induced changes in the basic metabolism of higher plants-biotechnologically and sustainably improving agriculture and ecoenvironment in arid regions of the globe. Critical Review in Biotechnology29: 131-151.
Singh RP, Murthy KNC and Jayaprakasha GK, 2002. Studies on the antioxidant activity of pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel and seed extracts using in vitro models. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 50: 81–86.
Song LJ, Di Y and Shi B, 2000. The significance and development trend in research of plant polyphenols. Progress in Chemistry 12 (2): 161–170.
Souza RP, Machado EC, Silva JAB, Lagoa AMMA and Silveira JAG, 2004. Photosynthetic gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence and some associated metabolic changes in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) during water stress and recovery. Environmental and Experimental Botany 51: 45–56.
Tattini M, Galardi C, Pinelli P, Massai R, Remorini D and Agati G, 2004. Differential accumulation of flavonoides and hydroxycinnamates in leaves of Ligustrum vulgare under excess light and drought stress. New Phytology 163: 547–561.
Thipyapong P, Melkonian J, Wolfe DW and Steffens JC, 2004. Suppression of polyphenol oxidases increases stress tolerance in tomato. Plant Science167: 693-703.
Taiz L and Zaiger E, 2007. Plant Physiology. 3rd edition. Sinauer Associates, Inc., Sunderland, MA, USA.
| ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,454 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 1,017 |
||