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The Ethical Ontology of Artificial Intelligence: Between Agency and Instrumentality | ||
| مجله پژوهش های فلسفی | ||
| دوره 20، شماره 56، مهر 1405، صفحه 81-104 اصل مقاله (1016.51 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی- پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/jpiut.2026.72229.4493 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| راوی کومار* | ||
| مدرسه فلسفه و فرهنگ، دانشگاه شری ماتا وایشنو دئوی، کاترا، هند. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| This paper examines the ethical ontology of Artificial Intelligence (AI) by addressing the central question of whether AI should be understood as a moral agent or merely as an instrument. Drawing on the philosophical frameworks of John Searle, Ludwig Wittgenstein, and Robert Brandom, the study analyzes key criteria of moral agency, including intentionality, consciousness, and normativity. It argues that contemporary AI systems, despite their increasing autonomy and complexity, do not satisfy these conditions and therefore cannot be considered genuine moral agents. At the same time, AI cannot be reduced to a passive tool, as it actively shapes decisions and outcomes within complex socio-technical systems. The paper advances a hybrid ontological position, presenting AI as a quasi-agent or derived agent embedded in networks of human and institutional practices. This approach highlights the need for distributed responsibility, ethical governance, and interdisciplinary inquiry, while emphasizing the importance of culturally inclusive frameworks for addressing emerging challenges in AI ethics and philosophy. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| Artificial Intelligence؛ Moral Agency؛ Instrumentality؛ Social Ontology؛ Normativity؛ Distributed Responsibility | ||
| مراجع | ||
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Bostrom, N. (2014). Superintelligence: Paths, dangers, strategies. Oxford University Press. Brandom, R. B. (1994). Making it explicit: Reasoning, representing, and discursive commitment. Harvard University Press. Chalmers. J. (1996). The conscious mind: In search of a fundamental theory. Oxford University Press. Coeckelbergh, M. (2020). AI ethics. MIT Press. Dennett, D. C. (1987). The intentional stance. MIT Press. Floridi, L. (2013). The ethics of information. Oxford University Press. Floridi, L., Cowls, J., Beltrametti, M., & et al. (2018). AI4People—An ethical framework for a good AI society: Opportunities, risks, principles, and recommendations. Minds and Machines, 28(4), 689–707. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11023-018-9482-5 Gunkel, D. J. (2018). Robot rights. MIT Press. Latour, B. (2005). Reassembling the social: An introduction to actor-network-theory. Oxford University Press. Moor, J. H. (2006). The nature, importance, and difficulty of machine ethics. IEEE Intelligent Systems, 21(4), 18–21. https://doi.org/10.1109/MIS.2006.80 Nagel, T. (1974). What is it like to be a bat? The Philosophical Review, 83(4), 435–450. https://doi.org/10.2307/2183914 O'Neil, C. (2016). Weapons of math destruction: How big data increases inequality and threatens democracy. Crown. Russell, S., & Norvig, P. (2021). Artificial intelligence: A modern approach (4th ed.). Pearson. Searle, J. R. (1980). Minds, brains, and programs. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 3(3), 417–424. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X00005756 Searle, J. R. (1995). The construction of social reality. Free Press. Searle, J. R. (2010). Making the social world: The structure of human civilization. Oxford University Press. Wittgenstein, L. (1953). Philosophical investigations (G. E. M. Anscombe, Trans.). Blackwell. | ||
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آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 241 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 9 |
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