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روشهای جداسازی ، شناسایی و تعیین مقدار میکرو پلاستیکها در خاک | ||
| دانش خاک و گیاه | ||
| مقاله 3، دوره 35، شماره 4، دی 1404، صفحه 41-75 اصل مقاله (2.04 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله مروری | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/sps.2026.70508.1027 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سمیه سفیدگر شاکلائی* 1؛ اعظم طاهری2 | ||
| 1گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران. | ||
| 2گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| با افزایش روزافزون فراوانی میکروپلاستیکها در محیطزیست، حضور آنها در خاکهای کشاورزی به موضوعی مورد توجه تبدیل شده است. این ذرات میتوانند ویژگیهای فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک را تغییر دهند. زمانی که مقدار این ذرات در خاک از حد معینی فراتر رود، میتواند خسارتهای محیطزیستی قابلتوجهی ایجاد کند. از این رو، تدوین روشهای دقیق، استاندارد و کارآمد برای جداسازی میکروپلاستیکها از نمونههای متنوع محیطی ضروری به نظر میرسد. این ذرات در ماتریسهای پیچیده نظیر کمپوست، رسوبات، خاکهای زراعی، لجن فاضلاب و در نمونههای سادهتری مانند آب لولهکشی و آب آشامیدنی بستهبندیشده مشاهده میشوند. مراحل عمومی جداسازی میکروپلاستیکها معمولاً شامل خشککردن نمونه، الککردن برای حذف ذرات درشتتر، حذف مواد آلی، جداسازی بر پایه جرم مخصوص برای تفکیک پلیمرها، صافکردن با استفاده از الکهایی با اندازه منافذ متفاوت، خشککردن صافیها در آون و در نهایت شناسایی نوع پلیمر است. ماتریسهای دارای مقادیر بالای مواد آلی، به مراحل اختصاصی برای حذف مؤثر این ترکیبها نیاز دارند. این مقاله، مروری بر روشهای جداسازی و شناسایی و تعیین مقدار میکروپلاستیکها در خاک، رسوبات و آب است و بر نمونهبرداری و نگهداری خاکهای کشاورزی، جداسازی ذرات، حذف مواد آلی و شناسایی تحلیلی تمرکز دارد. همچنین، مزایا و معایب روشهای موجود مقایسه شده و موضوعات پژوهشی آینده برای بهبود دقت و تکرارپذیری اندازهگیری میکروپلاستیکها در خاک پیشنهاد میشود. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| آلودگی خاک؛ پلاستیکها؛ ماتریسهای محیطی؛ ماده آلی | ||
| مراجع | ||
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آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 63 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 18 |
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