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ارزیابی تأثیر کودهای زیستی و نیتروژن بر برخی صفات کمی و کیفی گلرنگ (Carthamus tinctorius L.) و سویا (Glycine max L.) در کشت مخلوط | ||
| دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار | ||
| دوره 35، شماره 4، 1404، صفحه 77-93 اصل مقاله (694.4 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/saps.2024.59595.3147 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| یعقوب راعی* 1؛ رقیه قهرمانی2؛ جلیل شفق کلوانق3؛ یونس خیری زاده آروق4 | ||
| 1گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز | ||
| 2دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز. ایران. | ||
| 3عضو هیات علمی آموزشی دانشگاه تبریز | ||
| 4گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| مقدمه و اهداف: این پژوهش با هدف بررسی نسبتهای مختلف کشت مخلوط دوگیاه گلرنگ و سویا و نیز استفاده از کودهای زیستی و تأثیر آنها در کاهش استفاده از کودهای شیمیایی و بهبود عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دو گیاه اجرا گردید. مواد و روشها: بهمنظور بررسی تأثیر نسبتهای مختلف کشت (کشت خالص گلرنگ و سویا، کشتهای مخلوط افزایشی 30 درصد سویا + 100 درصد گلرنگ، 60 درصد سویا + 100 درصد گلرنگ و90 درصد سویا + 100 درصد گلرنگ) و تیمارهای کودی مختلف (کاربرد 100 درصد کود شیمیایی اوره، کاربرد کودهای زیستی ازتوبارور 1 و فسفوبارور 2 و کاربرد توأم 50 درصد کود اوره و کود زیستی) بر عملکرد دانه و روغن سویا و گلرنگ، آزمایشی فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار و در سال زراعی 1398 در مزرعهای در حومهی شهرستان هریس استان آذربایجانشرقی انجام شد. یافتهها: نتایج نشان داد که عملکرد روغن گلرنگ در دو تیمار نسبت 30 درصد سویا به 100 درصد گلرنگ و نسبت 60 درصد سویا به 100 درصد کلرنگ در مقایسه با کشت خالص گلرنگ بهترتیب 7/81 و 7/62 درصد بیشتر بود. در حالی که درصد روغن تحت تأثیر نسبتهای کاشت قرار نگرفت. در سویا بالاترین عملکرد روغن متعلق به نسبت 90 درصد سویا به 100 درصد گلرنگ بود که در مقایسه با کشت خالص سویا به میزان 8/13 درصد افزایش یافت. در این بررسی عملکرد دانه، شاخص برداشت، درصد روغن و عملکرد روغن هر دو گیاه سویا و گلرنگ در شرایط کاربرد توأم کودهای زیستی و اوره بیشتر از کاربرد انفرادی هر یک از آنها بود. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین عملکرد روغن گلرنگ متعلق به الگوهای کاشت 30 درصد سویا به 100 گلرنگ (1175 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و 60 درصد سویا به 100 درصد گلرنگ (1052 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و نیز کاربرد توأم کود اوره و کود زیستی میباشد. از طرفی بیشترین نسبت برابری زمین برای عملکرد دانه (32/2) در الگوی کاشت 90 درصد سویا به 100 درصد گلرنگ به دست آمد. نتیجهگیری: بر اساس نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش، به منظور افزایش عملکرد دانه، درصد روغن و عملکرد روغن گیاهان گلرنگ و سویا، کاربرد تلفیقی کودهای زیستی و اوره به عنوان مطلوبترین تیمار تغذیهای در این پژوهش مشاهده گردید و لذا با انجام آزمایشات تکمیلی در سالهای بعد و اطمینان از نتایج حاصل میتوان آن را جهت استفاده توصیه کرد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| اوره؛ باکتری های محرک رشد؛ روغن؛ کشت خالص؛ نسبت برابری زمین | ||
| مراجع | ||
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