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تعیین آستانه تحمل به شوری گندم رقم سرداری در دیمزارهای با اقلیم نیمهخشک در استان زنجان | ||
| دانش خاک و گیاه | ||
| مقاله 2، دوره 35، شماره 4، دی 1404، صفحه 23-39 اصل مقاله (1.66 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/sps.2025.69805.1022 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| علی رضا واعظی* ؛ فاطمه بابایی؛ حدیثه صفی لو | ||
| گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| با وجود آن که بررسیهای متنوعی در مورد تعیین آستانه تحمل به شوری گیاهان زراعی وجود دارد اما اطلاعات در شرایط طبیعی شوری خاک در دیمزارها وجود ندارد. از این رو، این پژوهش برای تعیین آستانه تحمل به شوری گیاه گندم (.Triticum aestivum L) پاییزی رقم سرداری در دیمزارهای با اقلیم نیمهخشک در استان زنجان انجام شد. برای این کار، 84 کشتزار گندم دیم در اراضی با شیب صفر تا 2 درصد بهدلیل عدمامکان تولید رواناب در سراسر پهنه استان زنجان انتخاب شدند. سپس عملکرد دانه گندم و ویژگیهای مختلف فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک در هر کشتزار اندازهگیری شدند. عملکرد نسبی گندم از نسبت عملکرد دانه گندم در هر کشتزار به بیشترین عملکرد دانه گندم در کشتزارهای مورد بررسی محاسبه شد. نتایج نشان داد که عملکرد نسبی گندم در کشتزارهای منطقه از 0.20 تا 1.0 تغییر میکند و میانگین آن 0.57 بود. بررسی ماتریس همبستگی میان عملکرد نسبی گندم و ویژگیهای خاک نشان داد که به غیر از شوری خاک (*r = -0.25)، سایر ویژگیهای خاک نقشی در عملکرد نسبی گندم نداشتند. شوری خاک مهمترین عامل محدود کننده عملکرد دانه گندم در کشتزارهای دیم بود. اگرچه در محدوده شوری خاک بین 0.44 و 1.58 دسیزیمنس بر متر، تغییرات زیادی در عملکرد نسبی گندم وجود داشت لیکن از الگوی مشخصی پیروی نکرد. تحلیل رابطه میان عملکرد نسبی و شوری خاک با استفاده از تابع توصیفی Maas and Hoffman نشان داد که مقدار 2.08 دسیزیمنس بر متر عصاره اشباع خاک به عنوان حد آستانه تحمل شوری در گندم دیم بود. یافتههای این پژوهش نشان داد که حد آستانه تحمل به شوری در گندم دیم پایینتر از حد گزارش شده برای بسیاری از محصولات (4 دسیزیمنس بر متر) بود و بر این اساس میتوان کشتزارهای گندم دیم حساس به شوری خاک را در منطقه شناسایی کرد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| حساسیت به شوری؛ شیب؛ عملکرد نسبی؛ ویژگیهای خاک؛ هدایت الکتریکی | ||
| مراجع | ||
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