آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 45 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 1,489 |
| تعداد مقالات | 18,159 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 58,723,234 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 20,153,288 |
What Are the Criteria of Personality in Artificial Intelligence in Relation to Moral Status? | ||
| مجله پژوهش های فلسفی | ||
| دوره 20، شماره 54، بهمن 1404، صفحه 521-542 اصل مقاله (813.92 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی- پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/jpiut.2025.69736.4274 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سعید کریمی* 1؛ مرتضی طباطبایی2؛ محسن جوادی3؛ سعیده ممتازی4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری فلسفه اخلاق، دانشگاه ادیان و مذاهب، قم، ایران. | ||
| 2استادیار، گروه فلسفه اخلاق، دانشگاه ادیان و مذاهب، قم، ایران | ||
| 3استاد گروه اخلاق، دانشگاه قم، قم، ایران. | ||
| 4دانشیار، گروه هوش مصنوعی و رباتیک، دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر، تهران، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| The present article examines the possibility of attributing personhood to artificial intelligence agents, a concept central to determining moral status. The debate on personhood has long been central in applied ethics, particularly in discussions on abortion, where philosophers such as Mary Anne Warren proposed five criteria—consciousness, reasoning, self-motivated activity, capacity for communication, and self-awareness—as key indicators of personhood. The present study applies these criteria to artificial intelligence systems and asks whether their cognitive and functional capacities are sufficient for moral consideration. While certain features such as memory, goal-directed behavior, and limited moral interaction are identifiable in some AI systems, the absence of self-awareness and subjective experience remains a fundamental obstacle to full personhood. The article further engages with the views of Kant, Locke, DeGrazia, and Searle, assessing the possibility of AI’s moral standing—whether direct or indirect—through ethical frameworks such as deontology and virtue ethics. It concludes that although attributing personhood to AI remains highly problematic in its current state, addressing this issue is an urgent necessity for contemporary moral philosophy. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| Personhood؛ Moral Status؛ Artificial Intelligence؛ Kantian Deontology؛ Virtue Ethics؛ Consciousness | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Aristotle. (2019). Nicomachean ethics (T. Irwin, Trans., 3rd ed.). Hackett Publishing Company. Burckle, K., & Peters, C. (2024). Persons or human mimicking robots? Implications of AI for moral status Honors Thesis. Chalmers, D. J. (2022). Reality+: Virtual worlds and the problems of philosophy. W. W. Norton & Company. Clarke, S., Zohny, H., & Savulescu, J. (Eds.). (2021). Rethinking moral status. Oxford University Press. Coeckelbergh, M. (2020). AI ethics. MIT Press Essential Knowledge. DeGrazia, D. (2008). Moral status as a matter of degree. Southern Journal of Philosophy, 46(2), 181–198. DeGrazia, D. (2021). An interest-based model of moral status. In S. Clarke, H. Zohny, & J. Savulescu (Eds.), Rethinking moral status (pp. 35–56). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192894076.003.0003 DiSilvestro, R. (2010). Human capacities and moral status. Springer. English, J. (1975). Abortion and the concept of a person. Canadian Journal of Philosophy, 5(1), 69–92. Gordon, J.-S. (2020). Artificial moral and legal personhood. AI & Society, 35(3), 679–693. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-020-01063-2 Gruen, L., & Monsó, S. (2024). The moral status of animals. In Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/moral-animal/ Harman, E. (2003). The potentiality problem. Philosophical Studies, 114(2), 173–198. Jaworska, A., & Tannenbaum, J. (2021). The grounds of moral status. In Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/grounds-moral-status/ Kamm, F. M. (2007). Intricate ethics: Rights, responsibilities, and permissible harm. Oxford University Press. Kant, I. (1930). Lectures on ethics (L. Infield, Trans., Ed.). Methuen and Co. Ltd. Kant, I. (2002). Groundwork for the metaphysics of morals (A. W. Wood, Ed. & Trans.; Essays by J. B. Schneewind et al.). Yale University Press. Kant, I. (2015). Critique of practical reason (M. Gregor, Trans.; A. Reath, Intro.). Cambridge University Press. Korsgaard, C. M. (1996). The sources of normativity. Cambridge University Press. Liao, S. M. (2021). Ethics of artificial intelligence. Oxford University Press. Locke, J. (1975). An essay concerning human understanding (P. H. Nidditch, Ed.). Clarendon Press. Sapontzis, S. F. (1981). A critique of personhood. Ethics, 91(4), 607–618. Searle, J. R. (1980). Minds, brains, and programs. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 3(3), 417–424. Virginia Tech Department of Philosophy. (2003). The metaethics of moral status: Perspectives on the nature and source of human value [Conference advertisement]. http://www.phil.vt.edu/HTML/events/metaethics2003.pdf Warren, M. A. (1973). On the moral and legal status of abortion. The Monist, 57(4), 43–61. Warren, M. A. (1997). Moral status: Obligations to persons and other living things. Oxford University Press. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 374 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 151 |
||