آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 45 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 1,489 |
| تعداد مقالات | 18,175 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 58,778,963 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 20,252,138 |
The Necessity of Illusion: on Hegel’s cunning of reason | ||
| مجله پژوهش های فلسفی | ||
| دوره 20، شماره 54، بهمن 1404، صفحه 305-320 اصل مقاله (1010.89 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی- پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/jpiut.2025.68918.4175 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| روتویج ناخوا* | ||
| دانشجوی دکتری فلسفه، دانشکده علوم انسانی و اجتماعی، موسسه هندی فناوری بمبئی، هند. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| In Hegel’s Philosophy of History, one encounters the idea of the “cunning of reason” [List der Vernunft], which describes the unintended (universal) consequences of (particular) individual actions. However, the Philosophy of History is one of the most (if not the most) maligned of Hegel’s works, attacked by non-specialists and anti-Hegelians who use it to easily stereotype and dismiss Hegel, for instance, as a teleological anti-individualist, while most serious Hegel interpreters avoid this work at all costs. To redress the lack of serious attention to Hegel’s Philosophy of History, this paper aims to offer the strongest possible reading of Hegel’s weakest “text,” reading it alongside his strongest, the Science of Logic, thereby bringing together two seemingly contradictory instances of the cunning of reason in Hegel’s corpus. In the Logic, the cunning of reason shows how the universal emerges through the means which individuals use toward their particular ends. However, in the Philosophy of History, the cunning of reason describes how the universal acts through individuals, as it were, behind their backs and, problematically, Hegel goes on to claim that the universal (spirit [Geist]) ultimately sacrifices individuals on the “slaughter bench” of history to advance its own purpose(s). This paper’s two-part thesis is: (1) the cunning of reason in the Philosophy of History is an internal illusion of the structure of cunning of reason in the Logic, and (2) this illusion is absolutely necessary. In particular, this paper builds upon the Hegel interpretations of Todd McGowan and Slavoj Žižek. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| Hegel؛ Cunning of Reason؛ Illusion؛ Philosophy of History؛ Mcgowan؛ Žižek | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Arndt, A. (2020). Hegel’s philosophy of world history. In M. F. Bykova & K. R. Westphal (Eds.), The Palgrave Hegel handbook (pp. 453–466). Palgrave Macmillan. Badiou, A. (2020, March 23). On the epidemic situation. Verso. https://www.versobooks.com/blogs/4608-on-the-epidemic-situation Brandom, R. (2019). A spirit of trust: A reading of Hegel’s Phenomenology. The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. Comay, R. (2015). Resistance and repetition: Freud and Hegel. Research in Phenomenology, 45(2), 237–266. http://www.jstor.org/stable/24659617 Comay, R., & Ruda, F. (2018). The dash—The other side of absolute knowing. The MIT Press. Croce, B. (1915). What is living and what is dead in the philosophy of Hegel (D. Ainslie, Trans.). Macmillan. (Original work published 1907) Dolar, M. (2020). What’s the time? On being too early or too late in Hegel’s philosophy. Problemi International, 4(11–12), 31–49. https://problemi.si/issues/p2020-4/04_problemi_international_2020_4_dolar.pdf Hegel, G. W. F. (1988). Introduction to The philosophy of history with selections from The philosophy of right (L. Rauch, Trans.). Hackett. (Original work published 1837) Hegel, G. W. F. (2010a). The science of logic (G. Di Giovanni, Trans.). Cambridge University Press. (Original work published 1812–1816) Hegel, G. W. F. (2010b). Encyclopedia of the philosophical sciences in basic outline, part I: Science of logic (K. Brinkmann & D. O. Dahlstrom, Trans.). Cambridge University Press. (Original work published 1830) Hegel, G. W. F. (2011). Lectures on the philosophy of world history: Vol. I (R. F. Brown & P. C. Hodgson, Trans.). Oxford University Press. (Original work published 1837) Hegel, G. W. F. (2018). The phenomenology of spirit (T. Pinkard, Trans.). Cambridge University Press. (Original work published 1807) Kojève, A. (1980). Introduction to the reading of Hegel: Lectures on the Phenomenology of spirit (J. H. Nichols, Jr., Trans.). Cornell University Press. (Original work published 1947) McGowan, T. (2019). Emancipation after Hegel: Achieving a contradictory revolution. Columbia University Press. Popper, K. R. (1966). The open society and its enemies: Vol. 2. The high tide of prophecy: Hegel, Marx, and the aftermath (5th ed.). Princeton University Press. (Original work published 1945) Ruda, F. (2016). Abolishing freedom: A plea for a contemporary use of fatalism. University of Nebraska Press. Simoniti, J. (2020). Hegel and the opaque core of history. Problemi International, 4(11–12), 201–229. https://problemi.si/issues/p2020-4/12_problemi_international_2020_4_simoniti.pdf Žižek, S. (2002). For they know not what they do: Enjoyment as a political factor (2nd ed.). Verso. (Original work published 1991) Žižek, S. (2008). The sublime object of ideology (2nd ed.). Verso. (Original work published 1989) Žižek, S. (2012). Less than nothing: Hegel and the shadow of dialectical materialism. Verso. Žižek, S. (2019). Hegel, retroactivity and the end of history. Continental Thought and Theory: A Journal of Intellectual Freedom, 2(4), 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.26021/204 Žižek, S. (2020). Hegel in the future, Hegel on the future. Problemi International, 4(11–12), 293–312. https://problemi.si/issues/p2020-4/16_problemi_international_2020_4_zizek.pdf | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 490 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 128 |
||