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تأثیر بیوچار و نیتروژن بر ماده خشک و جذب عناصر غذایی پرمصرف در گیاه کلزا در شرایط کمآبی در کشت گلدانی | ||
دانش خاک و گیاه | ||
مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 06 مرداد 1404 اصل مقاله (1.65 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/sps.2025.67401.1010 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
اسعد قادرپور؛ عادل ریحانی تبار* ؛ نصرت اله نجفی؛ داود زارع حقی؛ سهیل سلیمی ترازوج | ||
گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران. | ||
چکیده | ||
این تحقیق با هدف بررسی تأثیر مصرف بیوچار حاصل از کاه گندم (پیرولیز شده در دمای 300 درجه سلسیوس) و نیتروژن بر جذب عناصر غذایی پرمصرف بهوسیله گیاه کلزا (Brassica napus L.) رقم هایولا 308 در شرایط تنش کمآبی در یک خاک آهکی لوم شنی و در کشت گلخانهای انجام شد. آزمایش بهصورت فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل ماده آلی در پنج سطح (بیوچار و کاه گندم هر یک در 3 سطح صفر، 75/0 و 5/1 درصد)، کود نیتروژن در دو سطح (150 و 300 میلیگرم نیتروژن بر کیلوگرم خاک از منبع اوره) و رطوبت خاک در دو سطح (85 تا 100 درصد ظرفیت مزرعهای به عنوان بدون تنش و 50 تا60 درصد ظرفیت مزرعهای به عنوان تیمار تنش کمآبی) بودند. بعد از برداشت گیاه ماده خشک شاخساره و غلظت نیتروژن، فسفر، پتاسیم، کلسیم و منیزیم در شاخساره گیاه کلزا اندازهگیری شدند. نتایج نشان داد که با مصرف بیوچار و نیتروژن، ماده خشک شاخساره بهطور معنادار نسبت به شاهد افزایش یافت. با این حال، بیشترین ماده خشک شاخساره در تیمار 75/0 درصد کاه گندم با مصرف 300 میلیگرم نیتروژن بر کیلوگرم خاک و رطوبت 85 تا 100 درصد ظرفیت مزرعه بهدست آمد. مصرف بیوچار سبب افزایش غلظت پتاسیم و فسفر شاخساره نسبت به تیمار بدون ماده آلی شد ولی غلظت کلسیم و منیزیم در تیمار حاوی بیوچار با تیمار بدون ماده آلی تفاوت معنادار نداشت. اعمال تنش کمآبی بهدلیل کاهش ماده خشک گیاه و وقوع پدیده «اثر تغلیظ» سبب افزایش غلظت همه عناصر غذایی مورد مطالعه بهجز کلسیم شد. با توجه به نتایج بهدست آمده از این تحقیق گلخانهای استفاده از بیوچار حاصل از کاه گندم، جذب عناصر ضروری پرمصرف و رشد گیاه کلزا را افزایش داد و نقش مهمی در بهبود تحمل تنش کمآبی گیاه داشت. در رطوبت 85 تا 100 درصد ظرفیت مزرعهای، 300 میلیگرم نیتروژن و در رطوبت 50 تا 65 درصد ظرفیت مزرعهای، 150 میلیگرم نیتروژن بر کیلوگرم خاک در شرایط مشابه میتواند توصیه شود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
اوره؛ تغذیه گیاه؛ کود آلی؛ کود شیمیایی؛ کمبود آب | ||
مراجع | ||
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