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تأثیر مصرف فسفریک اسید بر غلظت کلروفیل، نیتروژن، فسفر و پتاسیم و صفات زراعی گیاه ذرت در دو خاک مختلف | ||
دانش خاک و گیاه | ||
مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 22 خرداد 1404 اصل مقاله (1.77 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/sps.2025.66931.1006 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
مریم شکوری1؛ اکبر حسنی* 1؛ محمد بابااکبری ساری1؛ مهدی تفویضی1؛ احسان خوش کلام2 | ||
1گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران. | ||
2گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران. | ||
چکیده | ||
در این پژوهش، اثر مصرف فسفریک اسید صنعتی (H3PO4) با خلوص 40 درصد بر رشد گیاه ذرت (Zea mays L.) رقم سینگل کراس 704 در دو خاک با بافت لوم رسی و لوم شنی طی یک دوره رشد ۴۵ روزه بررسی شد. آزمایش در گلخانه و در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 4 تیمار و 3 تکرار انجام شد. تیمارها شامل شاهد و فسفریک اسید در سه سطح 25/0، 5/0 و 0/1 گرم بر کیلوگرم خاک بودند. نتایج نشان داد که در هر دو خاک، اثر فسفریک اسید بر درصد جوانهزنی و تعداد برگ معنادار نبود. در خاک لوم رسی، مصرف فسفریک اسید با دوز 025/0 و 05/0 درصد باعث افزایش سرعت رشد، ارتفاع بوته، وزن تر بخش هوایی و ریشه، وزن خشک بخش هوایی و ریشه شد که در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد مقدار افزایش بهترتیب برابر با 7/30، 8/28، 3/69، 7/30، 4/55 و 7/30 درصد بود. همچنین، مصرف فسفریک اسید سبب افزایش غلظت کلروفیل برگها، مواد جامد محلول، ظرفیت آنتیاکسیدانی، غلظت فسفر، نیتروژن و پتاسیم بخش هوایی و ریشه شد اما بر غلظت کارتنوئید برگها اثر معنادار نداشت. در خاک لوم شنی، اثر فسفریک اسید بر وزن خشک بخش هوایی و ریشه و وزن تر بخش هوایی معنادار نبود اما بر وزن تر ریشه، غلظت کلروفیل برگها، مواد جامد محلول، ظرفیت آنتیاکسیدانی و غلظت فسفر، نیتروژن و پتاسیم بخش هوایی و ریشه، معنادار بود. نتایج نشان داد که اثر فسفریک اسید بر pH و قابلیت هدایت الکتریکی (EC) خاک معنادار بود. در هر دو خاک لوم رسی و لوم شنی، تیمار 1/0 درصد فسفریک اسید، pH دو خاک را بهترتیب 7/2 و 5/1 درصد کاهش داد. در مقابل، EC دو خاک را بهترتیب 1/12 و 0/21 درصد افزایش داد. در خاک لوم رسی، اثر فسفریک اسید بر گیاه ذرت در مقایسه با خاک لوم شنی بیشتر بود. در شرایطی که خاک دارای مقادیر بالای آهک و pH است، توصیه میشود از فسفریک اسید بهعنوان منبع تأمین فسفر و برای اصلاح pH خاک استفاده شود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
اصلاح خاک؛ تغذیه گیاه؛ خاک آهکی؛ فسفر؛ ظرفیت آنتیاکسیدانی؛ کلروفیل | ||
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