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ارزیابی شاخصهای کیفیت خاک تکمتغیره و چندمتغیره مبنا در بخشی از اراضی کشاورزی دشت سراب (استان آذربایجان شرقی) | ||
دانش خاک و گیاه | ||
مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 21 اردیبهشت 1404 اصل مقاله (1.88 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/sps.2025.67245.1008 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
سکینه رضوی قلعهجوق* 1؛ محمد رضا نیشابوری1؛ داود زارع حقی1؛ رضا حسن پور2 | ||
1گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران. | ||
2بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان شرقی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تبریز، ایران. | ||
چکیده | ||
شاخص کیفیت خاک (SQI) موضوع تحقیق بسیاری از پژوهشگران در سه دهه اخیر بوده اما اغلب جنبه کلی داشته یا محصول مبنا نبودهاست. هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی و ارزیابی کارایی روشهای مختلف تعیین شاخص کیفیت خاک بر مبنای عملکرد محصول گندم آبی پاییزه در بخشی از اراضی دشت سراب بود. برای این کار، از توابع رتبهدهی خطی و غیرخطی و شیوه تلفیق رتبه افزودنی ساده (SA)، افزودنی وزنی (WA)، نمرو (N) و مقیاسشده (SC) استفاده شد و شاخصهای کیفیت با عنوان چندمتغیره مبنا بهترتیب SQISC, SQIN, SQIWA, SQISA هم برای مجموعه کل دادهها (TDS) و هم مجموعه حداقل دادهها (MDS) و شاخص کیفیت فیزیکی خاک دکستر (S-index)، جرم مخصوص ظاهری نسبی (RBD) و دامنه رطوبتی با حداقل محدودیت (LLWR) با عنوان شاخصهای کیفیت تکمتغیره مبنا محاسبه شدند. برای مجموعه TDS هر یک از توابع رتبهدهی (خطی و غیرخطی) منجر به SQIهای بین 280/0 تا 425/0 با تفاوت معنادار (p<0.05) شد. برای مجموعه MDS نوع رتبهدهی بر SQI اثر معنادار نداشت. شیوه تلفیق رتبهها نیز منجر به مقادیر متفاوت SQI شد. برای مجموعه TDS، شاخص کیفیت مقیاسشده (SQISC) و برای مجموعه حداقل دادهها، SQIWA بیشترین مقدار را داشتند (بهترتیب 45/0 و 53/0). همبستگی قوی و معنادار (r=0.74, p<0.01) بین شاخصهای کیفیت حاصل از دو مجموعه داده، نشانگر پتانسیل مجموعه MDS در برآورد شاخص کیفیت با صرفهجویی در هزینه و وقت، حداقل برای خاکهای منطقه بود. بر مبنای درجهبندی SQIWA-MDS، خاک بیش از 70 درصد مکانهای مطالعه شده درجه کیفیت چهار (پایین یا فقیر) داشتند و در بیش از 65 درصد مکانها نیز عملکرد گندم آبی پاییزه کمتر از میانگین منطقه مورد بررسی (3/4 تن بر هکتار) بود و بیانگر هماهنگی شاخص کیفیت مذکور با عملکرد گندم و کارایی آن در بیان کیفیت خاکهای منطقه بود. همبستگی معنادار (p<0.01) بین شاخصهای تکمتغیره مبنا (LLWR, RBD, S-index) باSQI بیانگر این بود که بهجای بهکارگیری مجموعهای از ویژگیها برای ارزیابی کیفیت خاکها، میتوان از یک یا دو شاخص تکمتغیره استفاده کرد. در بین سه شاخص مذکور، LLWR بیشترین ضریب همبستگی (r = 0.55**) را با عملکرد محصول داشت وRBD در مرتبه بعدی قرار گرفت که نشانگر توان بالقوه دو شاخص مذکور در ارزیابی وضعیت کیفیت خاکهای منطقه با هدف عملکرد محصول گندم بود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
دشت سراب؛ شاخص کیفیت خاک چندمتغیره مبنا؛ شاخص کیفیت خاک تکمتغیره مبنا؛ عملکرد محصول گندم؛ مجموعه حداقل دادهها | ||
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