اثر سطوح مختلف سرخارگل بر عملکرد،مصرف خوراک، متابولیت های خونی وپارامتر های سیستم ایمنی گوساله های شیری

Azzaz H, Farahat ES, Morsy T, Aziz HA, Hadhoud FI and Abd-Alla M, 2016. Moringa oleifera and Echinacea purpurea as supplements for Rhamani lactating ewe’s diets and their effect on rumen characteristics, nutrients digestibility, blood parameters, milk production, composition and its fatty acid profile. Asian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 11(11):684-692.

Barrett B, 2003. Medicinal properties of Echinacea: a critical review. Phytomedicine 10(1):66-86.

Benchaar C, Calsamiglia S, Chaves A, Fraser G, Colombatto D, McAllister T and Beauchemin K, 2008. A review of plant-derived essential oils in ruminant nutrition and production. Animal Feed Science and Technology 145(1-4):209-228.

Bergeron, C., J. F. Livesey, D. V. Awang, J. T. Arnason, J. Rana, B. R. Baum, and W. Letchamo. 2000. A quantitative HPLC method for the quality assurance of Echinacea products on the North American market. Phytochemical Analysis: An International Journal of Plant Chemical and Biochemical Techniques 11(4):207-215.

Böhmer BM, Salisch H, Paulicks BR and Roth F, 2009. Echinacea purpurea as a potential immunostimulatory feed additive in laying hens and fattening pigs by intermittent application. Livestock Science 122(1):81-85.

Burger RA, Torres AR, Warren RP, Caldwell VD, and Hughes BG, 1997. Echinacea-induced cytokine production by human macrophages. International Journal of Immunopharmacology 19(7):371-379.

Chicca A, Raduner S, Pellati F, Strompen T, Altmann KH, Schoop R and Gertsch J, 2009. Synergistic immunomopharmacological effects of N-alkylamides in Echinacea purpurea herbal extracts. International Immunopharmacology 9(7-8):850-858.

Dymnicka M, Łozicki A, Koziorowski M, Klupczyński J, Miciński J and Mścisz A, 2004. The effect of Echinacea purpurea on the immunological function of the mammary gland of cows during the perinatal period. Journal of Animal and Feed Science 13(2):9-12.

El-Basiony AZ, Khattab H, Kholif A, Hadhoud FI and El-Alamy H, 2015. Effect of using Echinacea Purpurea, Nigella Sativa and Chicorium Intybus in dairy Goats’ diet on milk production and quality: 2- effect on digestibility, some blood parameters and milk production and quality. Egyptian J Nutrition and Feeds 18(2):137-145.

Goel V, Chang C, Slama JV, Barton R, Bauer R, Gahler R and Basu TK, 2002. Echinacea stimulates macrophage function in the lung and spleen of normal rats. The Journal of Nutritional BBiochemistry 13(8):487-492.

Hermann J, Honeyman M, Zimmerman J, Thacker B, Holden P and Chang C, 2003. Effect of dietary Echinacea purpurea on viremia and performance in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus-infected nursery pigs. Journal of Animal Science 81(9):2139-2144.

Iben B, 2000. Warum kranke Individuen nicht wachsen. Großtierpraxis 1:5-36.

Landy N, Ghalamkari Gh, Toghyani M and Moattar F, 2011. The effects of Echinacea purpurea L.(purple coneflower) as an antibiotic growth promoter substitution on performance, carcass characteristics and humoral immune response in broiler chickens. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 5(11):2332-2338.

Landy N, Ghalamkari GM, Toghyani M, Moatar F, Fekri F and Golparvar AR, 2010. The effect of intermittent application of Echinacea purpurea with different levels on performance and immune responses of broiler chickens. Journal of Veterinary Pathobiology 1(3): 59-67. (In Persian).

Luettig B, Steinmüller C, Gifford G, Wagner H and Lohmann-Matthes ML, 1989. Macrophage activation by the polysaccharide arabinogalactan isolated from plant cell cultures of Echinacea purpurea. JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute 81(9):669-675.

Maass N, Bauer J, Paulicks B, Böhmer B and Roth‐Maier D, 2005. Efficiency of Echinacea purpurea on performance and immune status in pigs. Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition 89(7‐8):244-252.

Nasir Z and Grashorn M, 2006. Use of Black cumin (Nigella sativa Linn.) as alternative to antibiotics in poultry diets. 9. Tagung Schweine-und Geflügelernährung, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany, 28-30 November 2006:210-213.

Nasir Z and Grashorn M, 2009. Echinacea: A potential feed and water additive in poultry and swine production. Arch Geflügelk 73(3).

Nasir Z and Grashorn M, 2010. Effects of intermittent application of different Echinacea purpurea juices on broiler performance and some blood parameters. Archiv für Geflügelkunde 74(1):36-42.

Rahimi S, Teymori Zadeh Z, Torshizi K, Omidbaigi R and Rokni H, 2011. Effect of the three herbal extracts on growth performance, immune system, blood factors and intestinal selected bacterial population in broiler chickens. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology 13:527-539.

Rehman J, Dillow JM, Carter SM, Chou J, Le B and Maisel AS, 1999. Increased production of antigen-specific immunoglobulins G and M following in vivo treatment with the medicinal plants Echinacea angustifolia and Hydrastis canadensis. Immunology Letters 68(2-3):391-395.

Rininger JA, Kickner S, Chigurupati P, McLean A and Franck Z, 2000. Immunopharmacological activity of Echinacea preparations following simulated digestion on murine macrophages and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Journal of Leukocyte Biology 68(4):503-510.

Rostami F, Taherpour K, Akbari-Gharaei M, Shirzadi H and Ghasemi HA, 2019. Effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Scrophularia striata in comparison with antibiotic, probiotic and a multivitamin and mineral supplement on growth performance and blood parameters of broilers. Animal Science Researches 28(4): 197-201. (In Persian). 

Roth-Maier DA, Böhmer BM, Maab N, Damme K and Paulicks BR, 2005. Efficiency of Echinacea purpureaon performance of broilers and layers.

Rountree R, 2011. Roundoc Rx: Immunomodulators: Fighting Recurrent Upper Respiratory Infections Naturally. Alternative and Complementary Therapies 17(5):255-260.

Soltan M, 2009. Effect of essential oils supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, health condition of Holstein male calves during pre-and post-weaning periods. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 8(5):642-652.

Stimpel M, Proksch A, Wagner H and Lohmann-Matthes M, 1984. Macrophage activation and induction of macrophage cytotoxicity by purified polysaccharide fractions from the plant Echinacea Ppurpurea. Infection and Iimmunity 46(3):845-849.

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Woelkart K and Bauer R, 2007. The role of alkamides as an active principle of Echinacea. Planta Medica 73(07):615-623.

Zhai Z, Liu Y, Wu L, Senchina DS, Wurtele ES, Murphy PA, Kohut ML and Cunnick JE, 2007. Enhancement of innate and adaptive immune functions by multiple Echinacea species. Journal of Medicinal Food 10(3):423-434.