Dehghani Firoozabadi, L., Ildoromi, A., Mirsanjari, M., abedian, S. (2022). Assessing and zoning the potential of areas prone to developing water recreation by combining AHP ,TOPSIS and GIS in water resources of Dorud city. , 26(80), 155-133. doi: 10.22034/gp.2021.45274.2814
Leila Dehghani Firoozabadi; Alireza Ildoromi; Mir Mehrdad Mirsanjari; sahar abedian. "Assessing and zoning the potential of areas prone to developing water recreation by combining AHP ,TOPSIS and GIS in water resources of Dorud city". , 26, 80, 2022, 155-133. doi: 10.22034/gp.2021.45274.2814
Dehghani Firoozabadi, L., Ildoromi, A., Mirsanjari, M., abedian, S. (2022). 'Assessing and zoning the potential of areas prone to developing water recreation by combining AHP ,TOPSIS and GIS in water resources of Dorud city', , 26(80), pp. 155-133. doi: 10.22034/gp.2021.45274.2814
Dehghani Firoozabadi, L., Ildoromi, A., Mirsanjari, M., abedian, S. Assessing and zoning the potential of areas prone to developing water recreation by combining AHP ,TOPSIS and GIS in water resources of Dorud city. , 2022; 26(80): 155-133. doi: 10.22034/gp.2021.45274.2814
Assessing and zoning the potential of areas prone to developing water recreation by combining AHP ,TOPSIS and GIS in water resources of Dorud city
1M.Sc., Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran.
2Associate Professor of Malayer University
3Assistant Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran
4Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Payamnoor University, Kerman, Iran
Abstract
Introduction Today, tourism is considered as one of the most important activities in the world, and it has high potential in generating foreign currency incomes and creating jobs. According to the definition, ecotourism is a responsibly journey to natural areas that protect the environment and improve the lives of local people. Despite having the necessary potential in tourism in Iran, it has not succeeded in attracting tourists. The first step towards achieving tourism development in the country is identifying, assessing, and introducing the existent potentials and capabilities to provide development opportunities with comprehensive knowledge and planning. Dorud is one of the unparalleled regions in Lorestan province due to the availability of sufficient water resources that can be a good place for water resource recreation. Unfortunately, despite these tourist attractions, there has not yet been an organized approach to land use planning that takes into account these natural talents of the region for water tourism. According to the mentioned issues, the present study intends to use a multi-criteria evaluation to identify and zonate suitable areas of water tourism, and its purpose is to properly plan the tourism with environmental considerations and prioritize these areas in the Dorud city. Materials and methods Dorud is situated in Lorestan Province. It is located between latitudes 33°16'-33°44'N and longitudes 48°47'-49°19'. In this study, by investigating the factors influencing the zoning of tourism-prone areas, Dorud region has been zoned based on multi-criteria evaluation model. Multi-criteria evaluation is a structured process for defining goals, formulating criteria, evaluating, and solving decision problems. In this study, the criteria was detemined based on the criteria of the ecotourism national document, the criteria of the ecological potential assessment, and the ecotourism criteria in the protected areas. After the preparation of the criteria maps, it is necessary to standardize the maps that have different ranges and scales. In this research, Fuzzy and Boolean methods were used to standard the scales. In order to fuzzy the criteria maps, the pixels are ranked based on the membership degree in the fuzzy range from 0 to 255, and high degree of membership indicate more desirability of pixels for tourism. In the Boolean method, zero values are inappropriate areas, and values of one indicate suitable areas for development. In order to weigh the criteria, the pairwise comparison method was used in the form of analytical hierarchy process (AHP), and then the maps were combined using the weighted linear combination method. Then, in order to prepare the final suitable map, it is necessary to extract the zones, which have 70% suitability and have more than 5 hectares. Finally, suitable zones for recreation prioritized by TOPSIS model. Result and discussion In this research, the effective environmental criteria were considered as informational layers in water recreation zoning. Criteria were taken with two views: one for water recreation in lotic water resources, and the other on flowing water resources. The effective environmental criteria in water recreation zoning classified in 5 criterion groups involved physical, ecological, fundamental, safety, and social-economic and 27 sub criterion for water recreation in Lotic water resources, and 26 sub criterion for water recreation in lentic water resources. At this step, due to the difference in the type of tourism recreation in lotic and flowing water resources, two types of utility maps for the flowing water resources (waterfall and rivers) and the latic water recources (mineral fountain, dam, water reservoirs, sarab, lakes and wetlands) were prepared. Then, in order to zoning the area, the final raster layer was classified into four categories based on the suitability of the land. Thus, the first categort with high potential (the suitability of more than 150), the second category with the average potential (the suitability of 110 to 150), the third category with the weak potential (the suitability of 50 to 110), and the forth category without suitability (0 to 50) were considered. In the next step, the first category was considered as the best class for the water recreation, and extracted from the suitable map. Based on the performed classification, 8.47% of the area has high potential for recreation in flowing water resources, and 10.28% of the area has high potential for recreation in latic water resources. Finally, six suitable zones in each of the recreations were selected, and tourism zones were prioritized according to the TOPSIS method. Conclusion The results of criteria weighting for latic water resources showed that distance from lake, wetland, sarab, dam and water reservoirs are the most important criteria in suitable recreation areas. In addition, the results of the combination of AHP and TOPSIS in water resources showed that the slope and depth with a weight of 0.182 and, 0.173, respectively are the most important indicators in this model, respectively. Consequently, results showed that Merok dam, Mahi hamyane Sarab and pond, Heshamatabad 2 pond zones respectively have highest preferences for water recreation in lotic water resources. In relation to the tourism recreation in flowing water resources, weighting criteria shows that distance from the river, slope and height are the most important. In addition, the results of the AHP and TOPSIS combination in flowing water resources show that the slope, water speed, and water volume with a weight of 0.191, 0.171, and 0.140 are three important indicators in this model, respectively. As a result, Sezar River, Gaharrood 1 and Gaharrood 2 have highest preferences for water recreation flowing water resources. The proposed zones in this research were determined based on ecological and socio-economic criteria that indicate the high capability of the zones for this type of recreation. Of course, in order to implement tourism goals, further studies are needed in areas such as determining the ecological capacity of the region, soil erodibility and so on.
اردکانی، طاهره؛ دانهکار، افشین؛ کرمی، محمود؛ عقیقی، حسین؛ رفیعی. غلامرضا؛ عرفانی، ملیحه (1390) زونبندی خلیج چابهار با استفاده از مدل تصمیمگیری چند متغیره جهت کاربری تفرج متمرکز، فصلنامه جغرافیا و آمایش سرزمین، 1(1)، صص 20-1.
امیرحاجلو، الهام؛ تولایی، سیمین؛ زنگانه، احمد؛ زنگانه، ابوالفضل (1392) ارزیابی اثرات گردشگری در سطح ملی با استفاده از تکنیکTOPSIS ، فصلنامه برنامهریزی منطقهای، 3(10)، صص 26-15.
بدری، سید علی؛ رحمانی، خلیل؛ سجادی قیداری، مجید (1390) راهبردهای توسعه اکوتوریسم در شهرستان مریوان، مجله پژوهشهای روستایی، 2(2)، صص 54-31.
بهرامآبادی، الهام؛ مختاری، لیلاگلی؛ کامل، آزاده (1396) تحلیل صنعت توریسم در استان لرستان و چالشهای زیستمحیطی آن، نهمین همایش ملی گردشگری جغرافیا و محیطزیست پایدار.
بیژنی، علی؛ بهزاد، اردوان؛ نادریفر، حمیدرضا (1396) تحلیل پهنههای اکوتوریستی با استفاده از مدل AHP و TOPSIS (حوضه آبخیز سیاهرود، رودبار، استان گیلان، ایران)، مجله جغرافیا، 8(1)، صص 103-93.
پناهی، علی؛ ستاری، علیرضا (1396) تحلیلی بر پتانسیلهای اقلیم گردشگری در شهرهای دامنه سبلان، نشریه جغرافیا و برنامهریزی، 21(32)، صص 77-61.
تقوایی، مسعود؛ صفرآبادی، اعظم (1390) نقش مدیریت شهری در دستیابی به توسعه پایدارگردشگری شهری (شهر کرمانشاه)، فصلنامه مطالعات جغرافیایی مناطق خشک، 1(4)، صص 52-35.
توکلی، محسن (1397) پهنهبندی منطقه آثار طبیعی ملی دهلران با استفاده از مدل تلفیقی Fuzzy-AHP، نشریه جغرافیا و برنامهریزی، 22(66)، صص 117-139.
حجازی، سید اسدالله؛ فرمانی منصور، ستاره (1396) ارزیابی توانمندی ژئوتوریسمی ژئومورفوسایتهای روستای ورکانه به روش پرییرا، نشریه جغرافیا و برنامهریزی، 21(59)، صص 41-63.
حدادینیا، سمیه؛ دانهکار، افشین؛ عشقی، کوروش؛ درویشصفت، علیاصغر؛ کابلی، محمد (1392) پهنهبندی گردشگری متکی به طبیعت مبتنی بر معیارهای محیطزیستی (مطالعه موردی: شهرستان خاتم، استان یزد)، مجله محیطزیست طبیعی، 66(3)، صص 300-285.
دانهکار، افشین؛ محمودی، بیت االله؛ مصدقی، راضیه (1385) تدوین ضوابط طراحی و توسعه فعالیتهای گردشگری طبیعی (در لکهها)، گزارش دوم تدوین و معرفی معیارها و ضوابط توسعه سایت طبیعتگردی و پایش، مطالعات سند ملی گردشگری، ویرایش نهایی، کمیته ملی اکوتوریسم.
رخشانینسب، حمیدرضا؛ ضرابی، اصغر (1388) چالشها و فرصتهای توسعه اکوتوریسم در ایران، مجله فضای جغرافیایی، 9(28)، صص 55-41.
سازمان ایرانگردی و جهانگردی (1380) خلاصه عملکرد برنامه ملی گردشگری کشور، تهران.
شریفی، سیده مریم؛ بستانی، علیرضا (1394) پهنهبندی اکوتوریسم با استفاده از مدل فازی (مطالعه موردی: شهرستان شیراز)، مجله آمایش جغرافیایی فضا، 5(16)، صص 17-1.
صیدایی، سید اسکندر؛ حسینی، سیده سمیه (1396) ارزیابی، ظرفیتسنجی و پهنهبندی مناطق مستعد گردشگری با استفاده از سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی، مجله پژوهشهای جغرافیای انسانی، 49(1)، صص 94-81.
عمرزاده، داوود؛ پورمرادیان، سامره؛ ولیزاده کامران، خلیل؛ فیضی زاده، بختیار؛ خلاقی، هدی (1399) قابلیتسنجی توسعه گردشگری طبیعی (اکوتوریسم) در استان آذربایجان غربی براساس تحلیلهای مکانی GIS، نشریه جغرافیا و برنامهریزی، مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 21 آذر، 1399، 22034/GP.2020. 41782.2711
غنیمتی، مهدی (1392) ارزیابی توان اکولوژیکی اکوتوریسم منطقه شکار ممنوع خراسانلو با استفاده از GIS، پایاننامه کارشناسی ارشد ارزیابی محیطزیست، استاد راهنما: دکتر سید سعیدرضا احمدیزاده، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیطزیست، دانشگاه بیرجند.
قدسیپور، سید حسن (1387) فرآیند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی (AHP)، تهران: انتشارات دانشگاه امیرکبیر.
قنبری، یوسف؛ آقا امرایی، علی؛ شایان، محسن (1390) ارزیابی تهدیدها و فرصتهای عوامل راهبردی توسعه پایدار توریسم (نمونه موردی: شهرستان دورود)، مجله اندیشه جغرافیایی، 5(10)، صص 33-1.
محمودی، سمیه؛ رنجبران، بهرام؛ فتحی، سعید (1394) توسعه مدل تصویر ذهنی گردشگران بالقوه از مقصد گردشگری ایران، فصلنامه مطالعات مدیریت گردشگری، 10(29)، صص 44-21.
مخدوم، مجید (1390) شالوده آمایش سرزمین، تهران.
مسعودی، ملیحه؛ سلمان ماهینی، عبدالرسول؛ محمدزاده، مرجان؛ میرکریمی، سید حامد (1395) برنامهریزی اکوتوریسم در مناطق حفاظتی با استفاده از ارزیابی چند معیاره (مطالعه موردی: پناهگاه حیات وحش میانکاله)، مجله محیطزیست طبیعی، منابع طبیعی ایران، 69(1)، صص 229-211.
یاوری، کاظم؛ رضا قلیزاده، مهدیه؛ آقایی، مجید؛ مصطفوی، محمد حسن (1389) تأثیر مخارج توریسم بر رشد اقتصادی کشورهای عضو سازمان کنفرانس اسلامی، فصلنامه تحقیقات اقتصادی، 45 (2)، صص 242-219.
Balli, S. and Korukoğlu, S (2009) "Operating system selection using fuzzy AHP and TOPSIS methods", Mathematical and Computational Applications, 14(2), pp. 119-130.
Banerjee, U. K. Kumari, S. Paul, S. K. and Sudhakar, S (2000) "Remote Sensing and GIS Based Ecotourism Planning: A Case Study for Western Midnapore", West Bengal, India.
Buckley, R (2009) "Evaluating the net effects of ecotourism on the environment: a framework, first assessment and future research", Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 17(6), pp. 643-672.
Bunruamkaew, K. and Murayama, Y (2011) "Site suitability evaluation for ecotourism using GIS and AHP: A case study of Surat Thani province, Thailand", Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 21, pp. 269-278.
Eastman, R. J (2003) "Idrisi for Windows User Guide", New York: Clark University.
Gorsevski, P. V. and Jankowski, P (2010) "An optimized solution of multi-criteria evaluation analysis of landslide susceptibility using fuzzy sets and Kalman filter", Computers and Geosciences, 36(8), pp. 1005-1020.
Guarini, M. R. Battisti, F. and Chiovitti, A (2018) "A Methodology for the Selection of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis Methods in Real Estate and Land Management Processes", Sustainability, 10(2), pp.
Hana Mohd, Z. and Ujang, U (2016) "Integrating Multiple Criteria Evaluation and Ecotourism: a Review", International Conference on Geomatic and Geospatial Technology (GGT), 2016, 3–5 October 2016, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Khoi, D. D. and Murayama, Y (2010) "Delineation of suitable cropland areas using a GIS based multi-criteria evaluation approach in the Tam Dao National Park Region, Vietnam", Sustainability, 2(7), 2024-2043.
Kumari, S. Behera, M. D. and Tewari, H. R (2010) "Identification of potential ecotourism sites in West District, Sikkim using geospatial tools", Tropical Ecology, 51(1), 75-85.
Kuo, M. S. Liang, G. S. and Huang, W. C (2006) "Extensions of the multicriteria analysis with pairwise comparison under a fuzzy environment", Journal of Approximate Reasoning, 43(3), pp. 268-285.
Lootsma, F. A (1997) "Fuzzy Logic for Planning and Decision Making", Dordrecht, Kluwer Academic Publisher.
Malczewski, J (2005) "Integrating multicriteria analysis and geographic information systems: the ordered weighted averaging (OWA) approach", International Journal of Environmental Technology and Management, 6(1-2), pp. 7-19.
Rinner, C. and Malczewski, J (2002) "Web-enabled spatial decision analysis using ordered weighted averaging", Journal of Geographical System, 4 (4), pp. 385–403.
Saaty, T.L (1980) "The Analytic Hierarchy ProcessMcgraw", New York.
Schreyer, A. and Malczeweski, J (2004) "Multicriteria Evaluation Using Analytical Hierarchy Process and Ordered weighted Averaging.
Shaw, G. and Williams, M. A (2004) "Tourism and Tourism Space", London: SAGE.
Tsaur, S. H. and Wang, C. H (2007) "The evaluation of sustainable tourism development by analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy set theory: An empirical study on the Green Island in Taiwan", Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 12(2), 127-145.
United Nations Environmemt Programme (UNEP) (2001) "Environmemtal impact of tourism", Geneva: UNEP.
Zimmermann, H. J (1995) "Fuzzy set theory and it’s Application", Netherlands: Kluwer Nijhoff publication. pp. 467.
